As the 31st United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP31) takes place 9-20 November in Antalya, Türkiye, data published November 9 by the Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) showed that October 2026 was the warmest October on record globally.
This visualisation shows how much October 2026 surface air temperatures differed from the 1991-2020 average, based on ERA5 data. The average global surface air temperature reached 15.35°C, 0.90°C above the 1991-2020 average.
Looking regionally, temperatures were more than 7°C above average in parts of West Antarctica, and warmer-than-average conditions also affected parts of northern Canada, eastern Africa, and the Middle East. In contrast, temperatures were below average across Greenland and much of southern South America.
This C3S dataset combines observations from across the world with model data to estimate global weather and climate conditions since 1940.
Get more information here.
